CLADOENDESIS OF EPHEMEROPTERA

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z 

Autapomorphies of Baetiella/g1.

(1) 2^nd segment of labial palp lacks muscle, elongate, without apical projection; at the same time boundary between second and 3^rd segments retained (Kluge 1997: Tab.11:12) (see Index of characters [1.1.58]).

(2) Larva is adapted to inhabitancy in rapid waters, its body Acentrella-like, i.e. with flattened ventral and convex dorsal side, thorax relatively large in comparison with abdomen (non-unique character – see Index of characters [1a]); paracercus is vestigial, 1-segmented (non-unique character – see Index of characters [1.3.64]); cerci are long, swimming setae are vestigial or lost (but at least vestigial bases of swimming setae are retained at least on middle segments). Dorsal side of tibia with a stripe of densely and irregularly situated long thin setae (Kluge 1997: Tab.11:13) (unlike Acentrella/g1, these setae do not form a regular straight row).

() Imago and subimago in rest keep their wings spread by sides (but being disturbed turn their wings up). (The character is known for two species only – tuberculatum [P.] and muchei [P.].) Majority of other Turbanoculata in rest keep their wings turning up, only selected species of Procloeon/g2 keep their wings in V-like position or spread by sides. Besides this, spread position of wings is characteristic for Ephemeroptera with modified pterothorax – for Caenoptera and for short-living Ephemeroptera with vestigial legs.

Characters of Baetiella/g1 of unclear phylogenetic status. 

() Larval abdominal terga lack wide scales [see Turbanoculata (12)] (see Index of characters [1.3.4]).

() Hind wings are lost [see Turbanoculata (10)]. Non-unique apomorphy (see Index of characters [2.2.59]).

Plesiomorphies of Baetiella/g1.

Unlike Acentrella/g1, ... imaginal and subimaginal anteronotal protuberance of mesonotum is low.

Variable characters of Baetiella/g1.  

Larval abdominal terga can be without projections (japonica [B.]), or with unpaired median projections near posterior margin (e.g., tuberculatum [P.]), or with paired submedian projections near posterior margin (bispinosa [P.], macani [N.]); the same in some other mayflies (see Index of chasracters [1.3.3]). 

Usually all tergalii I–VII are present, but in macani [N.] tergalii VII are lost; in the same species, a gill process is present medially to base of each coxa (the same in some other Turbanoculata – see Index of characters [1.2.12]).