CLADOENDESIS OF EPHEMEROPTERA

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Autapomorphies of Cincticostella/g1.

(1) On maxilla apical field of setae [see Ephemerella/fg1 (16)] is enlarged, its setae are elongated; medially this field is limited by a more or less sharp impression, which separates it from bases of maxillary canines (Kluge 2004: Fig.92:F,H). This impression can be rather shallow (in commodema [Ephemerella]), or very sharp and deep (in quadrata [Ephemerella] and Cincticostella/g2). Other Ephemerella/fg3 can have only a shallow impression at this place (Kluge 2004: Fig.92:B). In Cincticostella/g1-Notacanthella maxilla retain biting structure (Kluge 2004: Fig.92:G), while in Cincticostella/g2 it becomes filtering, with weak canines and greatly enlarged apical setal field (see below).

(2) Larval thorax has following peculiarities: pronotum has anterior-lateral angles more or less expanded forward; mesonotum has paired lateral projections near anterior margin. Shape of mesonotal projections is variable: in Notacanthella and Ephacerella they are sharp and narrow (Kluge 2004: Fig.92:E), while in Cincticostella/g3 they have peculiar lamellate form (Kluge 2004: Fig.92:A). As Ephacerella and Cincticostella/g3 have a synapomorphy in maxillary structure [see Cincticostella/g2 (1) below], sharp narrow projections are most probably plesiomorphic within Cincticostella/g1.

Plesiomorphies of Cincticostella/g1. Larval fore legs are non-grasping (unlike Drunella/g1). Larval paracercus has the same length as cerci (unlike Caudatella).