NOMEN: Crustacea Brunnich 1771 [M.Th. Brunnich . Zoologiae fundamenta praelectoribus academicus accomodata. – Hafniae (=Kobenhavn) et Lipsiae (Leipzig), 1771]

ORIGINAL LISTED MEMBERSHIP (Brunnich 1771): Chelicerata (= Acarus + Phalangium + Aranea + Scorpio + Xiphosura) + Eucrustacea  (= Cancer + Monoculus + Oniscus) + Myriapoda  (= Scolopendra + Julus)

JUNIOR CIRCUMSCRIPTIONAL SYNONYMS:

= Polypoda Batsch 1789

= Polymeria Goldfuss 1820

=?Apiropoda Savigny

= Hyperhexapi Latreille 1825

= Gnathopodaria Pictet 1854

TYPIFIED NAME IN BASIC FORMAT: Araneus/fg (sine Scarabaeus; incl. Cancer, Scolopendra)
TYPIFIED NAMES IN USE: -

MODERN STATUS: the oldest name of a non-accepted, paraphyletic taxon.

COMMENT. In modern literature the name Crustacea is often wrongly attributed to Eucrustacea Kingsley 1894 (= Neocarida Packard 1879). The name Crustacea is very ancient, however in the book by Linnaeus "Systema Naturae" this name is absent (animals traditionally attributed to the class Crustacea, were placed by Linnaeus to his class Insecta, order Aptera).
   As in the modern zoological nomenclature 1758 (the date of publication of the 10th edition of the "Systema Naturae") is regarded to be an initial date of priority, the authorship of the name Crustacea should be attributed to Brunnich (1771), who was the first to publish this name after 1758. Brunnich divided the Linnaean order Aptera into orders Aptera and Crustacea; the order Crustacea Brunnich 1771 includes nearly all arthropods except for Hexapoda - i.e. animals recently attributed to Chelicerata, Eucrustacea and Myriapoda; it does not include Lernaea and Lepas – specialized groups of Eucrustacea-Copepodoidea, which were not included to Linnaean class Insecta.
   Often the authorship of the name Crustacea is ascribed to Pennant (1777), who was the first after 1758 to use this name for a class; Pennant attributed to his class Crustacea warious marine animal species described by him and recently placed to Malacostraca, Pantopoda and Polychaeta.
   During the whole XIX century, the name Crustacea most often was used for a taxon uniting all primary aquatic arthropods – i.e., to Branchiata Lang 1888 = Carides Haeckel 1866.
   According to the rules of circumscriptional nomenclature for non-typified names, the name Crustacea should not be used in modern literature.