NOMEN: Hemiptera Linnaeus 1758: 434 [C. Linnaeus. Systema Naturae, ed. 10, 1758, T.1: 1- 824]
ήμισυ (half) - πτερον (wing) (Kirby & Spense 1826: vol.14: 369)
ORIGINAL LISTED MEMBERSHIP (Linnaeus 1758): Auchenorrhyncha (= Cicada) + Heteroptera (= Notonecta + Nepa + Cimex) + Plantisuga (= Aphis + Chermes + Coccus) + Thysanoptera (= Thrips)
CIRCUMSCRIPTIONAL
SYNONYMS:
= Proboscidea
Scopoli 1763 (non Proboscidea Latreille 1809,
nec Proboscidea Illiger 1811)
= Reamurii Scopoli
1777
= Hemimeroptera
Clairville 1798
= Condylognatha
Borner 1904
= Elytroptera-Siphonostoma
Latreille 1807 (non
Gymnoptera-Siphonostoma)
= Panhemiptera
= Hemipteria
Crampton 1938
= Condylognathida
Boudreaux 1979
TYPIFIED NAME IN BASIC
FORMAT: Cimex/f=Cicada/g (incl.
Thrips)
TYPIFIED
NAMES IN USE: Cimicoides
MODERN STATUS: non-valid (forgotten), but the oldest circumscriptional synonym of Condylognatha Borner 1904.
COMMENT. Some authors wrongly regard names Hemiptera, Ryngota, Rhynchota and Arthroidignatha as synonyms; actually original circumscriptions of these names are different :
| WWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW |
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| Hemiptera Linnaeus 1758 | - | + | + | - |
| Ryngota Fabricius 1775 = Rhyngota Fabricius 1799 | - | + | + | + |
| Rhynchota Burmeister 1835 | + | - | + | - |
| Arthroidignatha Spinola 1850 | - | - | + | - |
Kluge
2010 BioNomina
Dual-Nom
:
The widespread use of the name “Hemiptera” to refer to the taxon consisting of Heteroptera, Coleorrhyncha, Auchenorrhyncha, and Plantisuga, goes against circumscriptional principles.
During the 18th century, the name Hemiptera was variously applied to an assemblage of orthopterans, fireflies, ants, true bugs, and scorpions (Linnaeus 1735); to insects with somewhat hardened forewings — orthopterans and bugs (Linnaeus 1789); to orthopterans only (Retzius 1783); or to bugs and allies (Linnaeus 1758). Under the starting point rule, the formal authorship is Hemiptera Linnaeus 1758, and the original circumscription of this name is the one adopted in the 10th edition of ‘Systema Naturae’ where (unlike in some other editions thereof, both earlier and later) the order Hemiptera consisted of the genera Cicada, Notonecta, Nepa, Cimex, Aphis, Chermes, Coccus, and Thrips with combined circumscription of Arthroidignatha + Thysanoptera. Thus, the name Hemiptera is a circumscriptional synonym of Condylognatha Börner 1904, not Arthroidignatha Spinola 1850.